The twentieth century made Honolulu strategic as well as central. Pearl Harbor, west of downtown, grew into a major naval base, and on December 7, 1941 the attack there brought the United States into World War II — a day of great loss that is remembered now at the Pearl Harbor National Memorial. After the war the city boomed, and in 1959 Hawaiʻi became the fiftieth state, with Honolulu as its capital. Through territory, war, and statehood, the harbor city remained the islands' unquestioned center of government, trade, and life.
The harbor made Honolulu a Pacific crossroads. After Western contact in the 1790s, ships crowded the anchorage — traders, then whalers, then missionaries — and the little port grew into the busiest in the islands. As the Hawaiian Kingdom consolidated, Honolulu became its capital, and by the later nineteenth century the monarchy was seated downtown at ʻIolani Palace, the only royal palace on American soil. For a few decades the city was the working capital of an independent Pacific kingdom, with a king or queen in residence and the world's ships at its docks.
Why People Visit Honolulu
Honolulu offers the full range of Hawaiʻi in one place — royal and wartime history, world-class museums, and a famous shoreline, all in a walkable, welcoming capital city. Visitors come for Diamond Head, the beaches, and the heritage downtown, and stay for the food, the culture, and the easy access to the rest of Oʻahu. From the palace to the crater to the harbor, it rewards both a quick visit and a long stay. It is historic, cosmopolitan, and unmistakably Hawaiian.
