For a few years Fairbanks was one of the richest gold camps in the North. The easy creek gold gave way to deep, industrial mining — giant gold dredges that chewed through the frozen ground and left long gravel tailings still visible today, with Gold Dredge 8 preserved as a landmark of the era. The boom faded as the best ground was worked out, and the population rose and fell with the price of gold, but mining never entirely left: the Interior is still Alaska's gold country. The dredges that sit quiet in the hills are the town's wooly mammoths — perfectly preserved in the dry, cold air, monuments to the rush that made the place.
The trader was Captain E.T. Barnette. In August 1901 he was steaming up the Tanana River aboard the sternwheeler Lavelle Young, hoping to plant a trading post far upriver, when low water forced the boat into the shallow Chena and stranded it well short of his goal. Under his contract, the captain put Barnette and his tons of goods ashore right there, on the bank where downtown Fairbanks stands today. Barnette was furious — he was hundreds of miles from where he meant to be — but he had little choice, so he set up shop and waited to see what the country would bring.
Why People Visit Fairbanks
Visitors come to Fairbanks for the aurora — the city's spot under the auroral oval is hard to beat — and stay for the layered Interior story: gold dredges and frontier cabins, a northern university and big-sky wilderness in every direction. It is the gateway to Denali and the Arctic, with hot springs and ice art for the winter and the Midnight Sun for the summer. Equal parts gold-rush heritage and far-north spectacle, Fairbanks rewards anyone drawn to the heart of Alaska.
