The water came first. The Pequot people lived and fished at the mouth of the Thames, and the settlement John Winthrop the Younger began here in 1646 was called Pequot until it was renamed New London in 1658 — for the city in England, on a river the colonists renamed the Thames to match. With one of the best deep-water harbors on the coast, New London became a shipbuilding and shipping town, and in the Revolution a base for privateers who captured hundreds of British vessels. That made it a target: on September 6, 1781, a British force led by the turncoat Benedict Arnold — born just up the river in Norwich — burned much of the city and stormed Fort Griswold across the Thames in Groton. New London rebuilt; chartered as a city in 1784, it turned back to the sea.
What it turned to was whaling. New London had chased whales since the early 1700s, but the trade peaked in the 1840s: in 1847 the port passed Nantucket to stand second only to New Bedford, and by mid-century it was the second-busiest whaling port in the world. The fortunes that came home built the Greek Revival mansions of Whale Oil Row, and in 1833 — at the height of that wealth — the city raised a Custom House on Bank Street designed by Robert Mills, architect of the Washington Monument; it is the oldest U.S. Custom House still in operation, and when the schooner Amistad was towed into the harbor in 1839, it was this waterfront that received her.
Why People Visit New London Connecticut
People come to New London for its deep maritime history and its working-harbor life — the whaling heritage, the Coast Guard Academy, the lighthouses and ferries, the literary thread of Eugene O'Neill. It is a real seaport, not a recreated one: a small Connecticut city with a great harbor and a long view down the Thames toward the Sound.
