Long before any of that, the bay and its mesas were home to the Kumeyaay (Tipai-Ipai) people, who lived across this corner of the coast for thousands of years — fishing the estuaries, gathering in the canyons, and trading along paths that ran inland to the desert and south into what is now Mexico. The Kumeyaay homeland was established and complete long before a European sail appeared on the horizon, and the community remains part of the region today. San Diego's story does not begin in 1769; it begins with them.
Spanish rule gave way to Mexican rule in 1821, and the surrounding ranchos shaped a generation of life before California passed to the United States in 1848. San Diego incorporated as an American city in 1850, but the old settlement clustered around the presidio in what is now Old Town. The modern downtown is the work of one man's gamble: in 1867 Alonzo Horton bought the bayfront flats and laid out a 'New Town' close to the water, betting that a city should sit beside its harbor. He was right, and the center of San Diego has faced the bay ever since.
Why People Visit San Diego
San Diego rewards visitors with a rare mix: deep early-California history, a working Navy harbor, world-class parks and museums, and miles of Pacific coast, all under a famously mild sky. People come for Balboa Park and the bay, for the beaches and the sunsets off Point Loma, and for the layered story of the city where California began. It is historic, easygoing, and unmistakably Californian.
